Potrebbero essere antichi graffiti lasciati da un lavoratore o simboli di significato religioso. Un robot ha rimandato le prime immagini di marcature sul muro di una piccola camera nella Grande Piramide di Giza in Egitto, che non sono stati visti per 4500 anni. Ha anche contribuito a risolvere la controversia circa l'unico metallo conosciuto esistente nella piramide, e mostra una "porta" che potrebbe portare ad un'altra camera nascosta.
La piramide si pensa sia stata costruita come tomba per il faraone Cheope, ed è l'ultima delle sette meraviglie del mondo antico ancora in piedi. Contiene tre camere principali: la Camera della Regina, la Grande Galleria e la Camera del Re, che ha due 'rami' d'aria che collegano con il mondo esterno. Stranamente, però, ci sono due tunnel, di circa 20 centimetri per 20 centimetri, che si estendono dalla parete nord e dalla sud , della Camera della Regina e si fermano alle porte di pietra prima che raggiungano la parte esterna della piramide.
La funzione di questi tunnel è sconosciuta, ma alcuni credono che uno o entrambi potrebbero portare ad una camera segreta. Zahi Hawass , ministro egiziano degli affari per l'Antichità, descrive le porte come l'ultimo grande mistero della piramide.
Molti tentativi sono stati fatti per esplorare i tunnel con robot. Nel 1993, un robot ha strisciato circa 63 metri lungo il tunnel nella parete sud ed ha scoperto quella che sembrava essere una piccola porta di pietra con perni metallici. Il metallo non è presente in nessuna altra struttura conosciuta nella piramide, e la scoperta ha acceso la speculazione che i perni fossero maniglie delle porte, chiavi o anche parti di un alimentatore costruito dagli alieni.
Poi nel 2002 un altro robot attraverso il blocco di pietra ha filmato una piccola camera sostenuta da una grossa pietra, ma poco altro. Ora un robot progettato dall'ingegnere Rob Richardson presso l'Università di Leeds, Regno Unito, che prende il nome Djedi, ha strisciato nel tunnel . Il robot trasporta una microcamera che può vedere dietro gli angoli.
Le immagini inviate dalla fotocamera hanno rivelato geroglifici scritti in vernice rossa e linee nella pietra che potrebbero essere segni lasciati dai muratori quando la camera fu scolpita ( Annales Du Service des Antiquités de l'Egypte , vol 84, ISBN: 978- 977-704-184-3). "Se questi geroglifici potessero essere decifrati potrebbero aiutare gli egittologi a capire perché sono stati costruiti questi 'rami' misteriosi", dice Richardson.
"Numeri rossi dipinti e graffiti sono molto comuni in giro per Giza", spiega Peter Der manuelino, un egittologo presso la Harvard University e direttore degli Archivi di Giza al Museum of Fine Arts , Boston. "Essi sono spesso segni di muratori ", che denotano numeri, date o anche nomi. "
Mentre la Camera del Re conteneva originariamente il sarcofago di Cheope e, eventualmente, la sua mummia, la Camera della Regina probabilmente non conteneva i resti di una regina: le mogli di Khufu furono sepolte in tre piramidi più piccole di loro. Invece, Spence ipotizza che la Camera della Regina potrebbe aver contenuto una statua "ka" del faraone. In questa interpretazione sono stati costruiti i 'rami' per permettere al "KA" di Cheope, o spirito, da attraversare per l'aldilà.
Per quanto riguarda la seconda "porta" sul retro della camera, che è ruvida e grezza, Spence pensa che è semplicemente l'estremità del ramo. "E 'più probabile che sia una pietra di supporto - non ci sarà un'altra camera dietro di essa, non ha senso", dice. "Tuttavia, è affascinante da un punto di vista simbolico, e questo tipo di lavoro ci permetterà di arrivare all'intenzione dietro la costruzione della piramide."
Hawass, direttore del progetto Djedi, dice che nessun altra piramide è nota per avere un tunnel come questo e che, ci potrebbe essere una stanza nascosta. La "Camera del Re potrebbe essere stata una sala fittizia, dal momento che la cosa più importante nella mente degli antichi Egizi era quello di nascondere la camera sepolcrale," dice. "Secondo una storia , il mago Djedi incontrò Cheope, che stava cercando il dio Thoth in modo da poter trovare il segreto di nascondere la sua piramide. Sulla base di questo forse c'è qualcosa di nascosto nella piramide."
English Version
They might be ancient graffiti left by a worker or symbols of religious significance. A robot has sent back the first images of markings on the wall of a tiny chamber in the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt that have not been seen for 4500 years. He also helped to resolve the controversy about the only metal known existing in the pyramid, and shows a "door" that could lead to another hidden chamber.
The pyramid is believed to have been built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu, and is the last of the seven wonders of the ancient world still standing. It contains three main chambers: the Queen's Chamber, the Grand Gallery and the King's Chamber, which has two 'branches' of air that connect with the outside world. Strangely, though, there are two tunnels, about 20 centimeters to 20 centimeters, that extend from the north and from the south wall of the Queen's Chamber and stop at stone doors before they reach the outside of the pyramid.
The function of these tunnels is unknown, but some believe that one or both could lead to a secret chamber. Zahi Hawass, Egyptian Minister for Antiquities Affairs, describes the doors as the last great mystery of the pyramid.
Many attempts have been made to explore the tunnels with robots. In 1993, a robot crawled some 63 meters up the tunnel in the south wall and discovered what appeared to be a small stone door with metal pins. The metal is not present in any other known structure in the pyramid, and the discovery ignited speculation that the pins were door handles, keys or even parts of a power supply constructed by aliens.
Then in 2002 another robot through the stone block has filmed a small chamber backed by a large stone, but little else. Now a robot designed by engineer Rob Richardson from the University of Leeds, UK, named Djedi, crawled into the tunnel. The robot carries a tiny camera that can see around corners.
The images sent from the camera have revealed hieroglyphs written in red paint and lines in the stone that could be marks left by masons when the chamber was carved (Annales Du Service des Antiques de l'Egypte, vol 84, ISBN: 978- 977-704- 184-3). "If these hieroglyphs could be deciphered they could help Egyptologists figure out why they were built these 'branches' mysterious," says Richardson.
"Red-painted numbers and graffiti are very common around Giza," says Peter Der Manueline, an Egyptologist at Harvard University and director of the Giza Archives at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. "They are often signs of masons", denoting numbers, dates or names. "
While the King's Chamber originally contained Khufu's sarcophagus and possibly his mummy, the Queen's Chamber probably did not contain the remains of a queen: Khufu's wives were interred in three smaller pyramids of their own. Instead, Spence speculates that the Queen's Chamber may have contained a statue of "ka" of the pharaoh. In this interpretation have been built 'branches' to allow the "KA" of Cheops, or spirit, to cross to the afterlife.
As regards the second "port" on the back of the room, which is rough and rough, Spence found is simply the end of a branch. "It 's more likely to be a rock of support - there will be another room behind it, does not make sense," he says. "However, it is fascinating from a symbolic point of view, and this type of work will allow us to get to the intention behind the construction of the pyramid."
Hawass, director of the project Djedi, says that no other pyramid is known for having a tunnel like this, and that there might be a hidden room. The "King's Chamber may have been a dummy room, since the most important thing in the mind of the ancient Egyptians was to hide the burial chamber," he says. "According to one story, the magician Djedi met Khufu, who was searching for the god Thoth so you can find the secret of hiding his pyramid. Based on this, perhaps there is something hidden in the pyramid."
The pyramid is believed to have been built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu, and is the last of the seven wonders of the ancient world still standing. It contains three main chambers: the Queen's Chamber, the Grand Gallery and the King's Chamber, which has two 'branches' of air that connect with the outside world. Strangely, though, there are two tunnels, about 20 centimeters to 20 centimeters, that extend from the north and from the south wall of the Queen's Chamber and stop at stone doors before they reach the outside of the pyramid.
The function of these tunnels is unknown, but some believe that one or both could lead to a secret chamber. Zahi Hawass, Egyptian Minister for Antiquities Affairs, describes the doors as the last great mystery of the pyramid.
Many attempts have been made to explore the tunnels with robots. In 1993, a robot crawled some 63 meters up the tunnel in the south wall and discovered what appeared to be a small stone door with metal pins. The metal is not present in any other known structure in the pyramid, and the discovery ignited speculation that the pins were door handles, keys or even parts of a power supply constructed by aliens.
Then in 2002 another robot through the stone block has filmed a small chamber backed by a large stone, but little else. Now a robot designed by engineer Rob Richardson from the University of Leeds, UK, named Djedi, crawled into the tunnel. The robot carries a tiny camera that can see around corners.
The images sent from the camera have revealed hieroglyphs written in red paint and lines in the stone that could be marks left by masons when the chamber was carved (Annales Du Service des Antiques de l'Egypte, vol 84, ISBN: 978- 977-704- 184-3). "If these hieroglyphs could be deciphered they could help Egyptologists figure out why they were built these 'branches' mysterious," says Richardson.
"Red-painted numbers and graffiti are very common around Giza," says Peter Der Manueline, an Egyptologist at Harvard University and director of the Giza Archives at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. "They are often signs of masons", denoting numbers, dates or names. "
While the King's Chamber originally contained Khufu's sarcophagus and possibly his mummy, the Queen's Chamber probably did not contain the remains of a queen: Khufu's wives were interred in three smaller pyramids of their own. Instead, Spence speculates that the Queen's Chamber may have contained a statue of "ka" of the pharaoh. In this interpretation have been built 'branches' to allow the "KA" of Cheops, or spirit, to cross to the afterlife.
As regards the second "port" on the back of the room, which is rough and rough, Spence found is simply the end of a branch. "It 's more likely to be a rock of support - there will be another room behind it, does not make sense," he says. "However, it is fascinating from a symbolic point of view, and this type of work will allow us to get to the intention behind the construction of the pyramid."
Hawass, director of the project Djedi, says that no other pyramid is known for having a tunnel like this, and that there might be a hidden room. The "King's Chamber may have been a dummy room, since the most important thing in the mind of the ancient Egyptians was to hide the burial chamber," he says. "According to one story, the magician Djedi met Khufu, who was searching for the god Thoth so you can find the secret of hiding his pyramid. Based on this, perhaps there is something hidden in the pyramid."
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